Spiromesifen (Ref: BSN 2060)

Spiromesifen (Ref: BSN 2060)	Last updated: 22/08/2024
(Not known by any other names)

SUMMARY

Data alerts

The following alerts are based on the data in the tables below. An absence of an alert does not imply the substance has no implications for human health, biodiversity or the environment but just that we do not have the data to form a judgement.

Environmental fate	Ecotoxicity	Human health
Environmental fate Moderate alert: Potential for particle bound transport: Medium	Ecotoxicity High alert: Fish acute ecotoxicity: High; Fish chronic ecotoxicity: High; Daphnia chronic ecotoxicity: High	Human health Moderate alert: Mammals chronic toxicity: Moderate; Reproduction/development effects

GENERAL INFORMATION

Description

A selective tetronic acid derivative insecticide used on fruit, vegetables and ornamentals

Example pests controlled

Whiteflies; Mites including the two-spotted spidermite, grass mite, broad mite

Example applications

Cucumber; Courgettes; Peppers; Tomatoes; Aubergine; French beans; Melons; Strawberry; Ornamentals including roses, carnations

Efficacy & activity

Availability status

Current

Introduction & key dates

2002, first reported

GB regulatory status

GB COPR regulatory status

Approved

Date COPR inclusion expires

30/09/2026

GB LERAP status

No data

EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414)

EC Regulation 1107/2009 status

Not approved

Dossier rapporteur/co-rapporteur

Not applicable

Date EC 1107/2009 inclusion expires

Not applicable

EU Candidate for substitution (CfS)

Listed in EU database

Yes

Approved for use (✓) under EC 1107/2009 in the following EU Member States

ATAustria	BEBelgium	BGBulgaria	CYCyprus	CZCzech Republic	DEGermany	DKDenmark	EEEstonia	ELGreece

ESSpain	FIFinland	FRFrance	HRCroatia	HUHungary	IEIreland	ITItaly	LTLithuania	LULuxembourg

LVLatvia	MTMalta	NLNetherlands	PLPoland	PTPortugal	RORomania	SESweden	SISlovenia	SKSlovakia

Approved for use (✓) under EC 1107/2009 by Mutual Recognition of Authorisation and/or national regulations in the following EEA countries

ISIceland	NONorway

Additional information

Also used in

USA, Iran, Morocco

Chemical structure

Isomerism

None

Chemical formula

C₂₃H₃₀O₄

Canonical SMILES

CC1=CC(=C(C(=C1)C)C2=C(C3(CCCC3)OC2=O)OC(=O)CC(C)(C)C)C

Isomeric SMILES

International Chemical Identifier key (InChIKey)

BNKLJOYAQLEMKB-UHFFFAOYSA-J

International Chemical Identifier (InChI)

InChI=1S/C23H30O4/c1-14-11-15(2)18(16(3)12-14)19-20(26-17(24)13-22(4,5)6)23(27-21(19)25)9-7-8-10-23/h11-12H,7-10,13H2,1-6H3

2D structure diagram/image available?

Yes

Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre diagrams

Common Name	Relationship	Link
spiromesifen	-

General status

Pesticide type

Insecticide, Acaricide

Substance groups

Tetronic acid insecticide; Tetronic acid acaricide

Minimum active substance purity

965 g kg⁻¹

Known relevant impurities

EU dossier - N,N-dimethylacetamide <4 g kg⁻¹

Substance origin

Synthetic

Mode of action

Non-systemic. Acetyl CoA carboxylase inhibitor (ACCase) - distrupts fatty acid biosynthesis and lipid formation.

CAS RN

283594-90-1

EC number

608-196-5

CIPAC number

747

US EPA chemical code

024875

PubChem CID

9907412

CLP index number

No data found

Molecular mass

370.48

PIN (Preferred Identification Name)

2-oxo-3-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl 3,3-dimethylbutanoate

IUPAC name

3-mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-en-4-yl 3,3-dimethylbutyrate

CAS name

2-oxo-3-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-1-oxaspiro(4.4)non-3-en-4-yl 3,3-dimethylbutanoate

Other status information

Relevant Environmental Water Quality Standards

Herbicide Resistance Class (HRAC MoA class)

Not applicable

Herbicide Resistance Class (WSSA MoA class)

Not applicable

Insecticide Resistance Class (IRAC MoA class)

Fungicide Resistance Class (FRAC MOA class)

Not applicable

Examples of recorded resistance

Tetranychus urticae

Physical state

Colourless crystals

Formulations

Property

Value

Example manufacturers & suppliers of products using this active now or historically

Bayer CropScience
Certis

Example products using this active

Oberon
Oberon speed

Formulation and application details

Often supplied as a suspension concentrate that is mixed with water and used as a spray

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Solubility - In water at 20 °C (mg l⁻¹)

0.13

Low

Solubility - In organic solvents at 20 °C (mg l⁻¹)

23000

n-Heptane

250000

Xylene

250000

Acetone

250000

Ethyl acetate

Melting point (°C)

Boiling point (°C)

Decomposes before boiling

Degradation point (°C)

375

Flashpoint (°C)

Octanol-water partition coefficient at pH 7, 20 °C

3.55 X 10⁰⁴

Calculated

Log P

4.55

High

Fat solubility of residues

Solubility

Soluble

Data type

Regulatory data - observed in metabolism and farm animal feeding studies

Density (g ml⁻¹)

1.13

Dissociation constant pKa) at 25 °C

Not applicable

No dissociation

Vapour pressure at 20 °C (mPa)

7.00 X 10^-03

Low volatility

Henry's law constant at 25 °C (Pa m³ mol⁻¹)

2.00 X 10^-02

Non-volatile

Volatilisation as max % of applied dose lost

From plant surface

From soil surface

Maximum UV-vis absorption L mol⁻¹ cm⁻¹

Neutral solution: 214nm = 23400, no significant absorbance >290 nm

Surface tension (mN m⁻¹)

Degradation

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

General biodegradability

Soil degradation (days) (aerobic)

DT₅₀ (typical)

4.1

Non-persistent

DT₅₀ (lab at 20 °C)

4.1

Non-persistent

DT₅₀ (field)

2.1

Non-persistent

DT₉₀ (lab at 20 °C)

13.8

Non-persistent

DT₉₀ (field)

DT₅₀ modelling endpoint

Note

EU dossier lab studies DT₅₀ range 1.9-10.6days, DT₉₀ range 6.3-56.7 days; field data for California

Dissipation rate RL₅₀ (days) on plant matrix

Value

4.1

Note

Published literature RL₅₀ range 1.2-7.1 days, 2 field grown crops, various matrices, n=2

Dissipation rate RL₅₀ (days) on and in plant matrix

Value

2.1

Note

Published literature RL₅₀ range 0.4-3.7 days, 6 field grown crops, various matrices, n=7

Aqueous photolysis DT₅₀ (days) at pH 7

Value

1.7

Moderately fast

Note

Data for test conditions and is equivalent to a DT₅₀ of 5.8 days in midsummer, Arizona USA (33 deg N)

Aqueous hydrolysis DT₅₀ (days) at 20 °C and pH 7

Value

44.7

Moderately persistent

Note

pH sensitive: DT₅₀ 107.3 days at pH 4, 4.8 days at pH 9, all at 20 °C

Water-sediment DT₅₀ (days)

5.95

Fast

Water phase only DT₅₀ (days)

0.15

Fast

Air degradation

As this parameter is not normally measured directly, a surrogate measure is used: ‘Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀’. Where data is available, this can be found in the Fate Indices section below.

Decay in stored produce DT₅₀

Soil adsorption and mobility

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Linear

K_d (mL g⁻¹)

Non-mobile

K_oc (mL g⁻¹)

30900

Notes and range

Freundlich

K_f (mL g⁻¹)

K_foc (mL g⁻¹)

¹/_n

Notes and range

pH sensitivity

Fate indices

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

GUS leaching potential index

-0.16

Calculated

Low leachability

SCI-GROW groundwater index (μg l⁻¹) for a 1 kg ha⁻¹ or 1 l ha⁻¹ application rate

Value

5.35 X 10^-03

Calculated

Note

Estimated concentrations of chemicals with Koc values greater than 9995 ml g⁻¹ are beyond the scope of the regression data used in SCI-GROW development. If there are concerns for such chemicals, a higher tier groundwater exposure assessment should be considered, regardless of the concentration returned by SCI-GROW

Potential for particle bound transport index

Medium

Calculated

Potential for loss via drain flow

Non-mobile

Calculated

Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀ (hrs) as indicator of long-range air transport risk

Bio-concentration factor

BCF (l kg⁻¹)

545

Threshold for concern

CT₅₀ (days)

0.7

Known soil metabolites

Metabolite

Major/Minor fraction

$Click here for further information on Major/Minor fraction$

Estimated maximum occurrence fraction

Notes

4-hydroxy-3-mesityl-1-oxaspiro(4.4)non-3-en-2-one

Major fraction

0.850

4-(8-hydroxy-6-oxo-5-oxaspiro[3.4]oct-7-en-7-yl)-3,5-dimethylbenzoic acid

Major fraction

0.141

Known groundwater metabolites

Metabolite

EC SANCO/221/2000 relevancy

ADI (mg kg⁻¹ bodyweight day⁻¹)

WHO drinking water guidance value (μg L⁻¹ day⁻¹)

4-hydroxy-3-mesityl-1-oxaspiro(4.4)non-3-en-2-one

Relevancy unknown

4-(8-hydroxy-6-oxo-5-oxaspiro[3.4]oct-7-en-7-yl)-3,5-dimethylbenzoic acid

Relevancy unknown

Other known metabolites

Metabolite name and reference

Aliases

Formation medium / Rate

Estimated maximum occurrence fraction

4-hydroxymethyl-BSN 0546

spiromesifen metabolite M02

Rat (Urine, Faeces); Plant

4-hydroxymethyl-3-hydroxy-BSN 0546

spiromesifen metabolite M05

Plant

3-hydroxy-BSN 0546

spiromesifen metabolite M06

Plant

dihydroxy-BSN 0546

spiromesifen metabolite M04

Rat; Plant

spiromesifen metabolite M03

Plant

ECOTOXICOLOGY

Terrestrial ecotoxicology

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Mammals - Acute oral LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

> 2000

Rat

Low

Mammals - Short term dietary NOEL

(mg kg⁻¹)

Rat

(ppm diet)

> 30

Mammals - Chronic 21d NOAEL (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)

14.2

Rat Reproductive NOAEL

Moderate

Birds - Acute LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

> 2000

Colinus virginianus

Low

Birds - Short term dietary (LC₅₀/LD₅₀)

> 5000 mg kg feed⁻¹

Unknown species

Birds - Chronic 21d NOEL (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)

23.2

Anas platyrhynchos NOED

Moderate

Earthworms - Acute 14 day LC₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

> 1000

Eisenia foetida

Low

Earthworms - Chronic NOEC, reproduction (mg kg⁻¹)

> 4.32

Eisenia foetida

Moderate

Soil micro-organisms

Nitrogen mineralisation: No significant adverse effect
Carbon mineralisation: No significant adverse effect

Dose: 2.96 mg kg⁻¹ soil

Collembola

Acute LC₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

Chronic NOEC (mg kg⁻¹)

Non-target plants

Honeybees (Apis spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

> 200

Apis mellifera

Low

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

> 792.4

Apis mellifera

Low

Unknown mode acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Chronic

Bumblebees (Bombus spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Mason bees (Osmia spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Other bee species (1)

Acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect⁻¹)

Mode of exposure

Other bee species (2)

Acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect⁻¹)

Mode of exposure

Beneficial insects (Ladybirds)

Beneficial insects (Lacewings)

Beneficial insects (Parasitic wasps) as Mortality LR₅₀ g ha⁻¹

9.74

Aphidius rhopalosiphi

Beneficial insects (Predatory mites) as Mortality LR₅₀ g ha⁻¹ 7 day

68.4

Typhlodromus pyri

Beneficial insects (Ground beetles)

Aquatic ecotoxicology

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Temperate Freshwater Fish - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

0.016

Oncorhynchus mykiss

High

Temperate Freshwater Fish - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l⁻¹)

0.0047

Oncorhynchus mykiss

High

Tropical Freshwater Fish - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Temperate Freshwater Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

> 0.092

Daphnia magna

Moderate

Temperate Freshwater Aquatic invertebrates - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l⁻¹)

0.00025

Daphnia magna

High

Tropical Freshwater Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Aquatic crustaceans - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Sediment dwelling organisms - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, static, water (mg l⁻¹)

0.032

Chironomus riparius

Moderate

Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, sediment (mg kg⁻¹)

Aquatic plants - Acute 7 day EC₅₀, biomass (mg l⁻¹)

0.101

Lemna gibba 7 day

Moderate

Algae - Acute 72 hour EC₅₀, growth (mg l⁻¹)

> 0.094

Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata

Moderate

Algae - Chronic 96 hour NOEC, growth (mg l⁻¹)

Mesocosm study data

NOEAEC mg l⁻¹

Marine bivalves – Acute EC₅₀ development (mg l⁻¹)

HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION

General

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Threshold of Toxicological Concern (Cramer Class)

High (class III)

Mammals - Acute oral LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

> 2000

Rat

Low

Mammals - Dermal LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹ body weight)

2000

Rat

Mammals - Inhalation LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

> 4.87

Rat

Other Mammal toxicity endpoints

ADI - Acceptable Daily Intake (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

0.03

ARfD - Acute Reference Dose (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

2.0

AAOEL - Acute Acceptable Operator Exposure Level (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

AOEL - Acceptable Operator Exposure Level - Systemic (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

0.015

Dermal penetration studies (%)

3.0

Dangerous Substances Directive 76/464

Exposure Routes

Public

No unacceptable risks to bystanders identified

Occupational

No unacceptable risks to operators or other workers identified

MRLs

European

EU MRL pesticide database

Great Britain

GB MRL Register

Notes

Drinking Water Standards

Drinking Water MAC (μg l⁻¹)

0.1

Mammalian dose elimination route and rate

Health issues

Specific human health issues

Carcinogen

Genotoxic

Endocrine disruptor

; ; ; ;

No data found

Reproduction / development effects

Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor

Neurotoxicant

Respiratory tract irritant

Skin irritant

Skin sensitiser

Eye irritant

Phototoxicant

No data found

General human health issues

Liver, uterus, adrenal gland and thyroid are target organs

Handling issues

Property

Value and interpretation

General

Not explosive
IMDG Transport Hazard Class 9
Not expected to auto-ignite; Not highly flammable

CLP classification 2013

Health: H317, H332
Environment: H400, H410

WHO Classification

Not listed (Not listed)

UN Number

UN3077

Waste disposal & packaging

Packaging Group III (minor danger)

Shelf-life, storage, stability and reactivity

TRANSLATIONS

Language

Name

English

spiromesifen

French

spiromesifen

German

Spiromesifen

Danish

spiromesifen

Italian

spiromesifen

Spanish

spiromesifen

Greek

Polish

spiromesifen

Swedish

Hungarian

Dutch

spiromesifen

Norwegian

Record last updated:	22/08/2024
Contact:	aeru@herts.ac.uk
Please cite as:	Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242